[BOOKWORMS] Chào mọi người, hôm nay chúng ta sẽ đến bài đọc thứ 3 trong sách The Human Body. Vì bài này dài nên mình sẽ chia nhỏ thành các part 3.1; 3.2;… Mọi người theo dõi – parts of the eye – nhé!
♦ THE ‘FIVE’ SENSES (“NĂM” GIÁC QUAN) ♦
⇒ cấu trúc giải phẫu của mắt (parts of the eye) ⇐
1. You are walking on a beach, and the bright silver light hurts your eyes. You can feel the stones under your feet, and hear the children shouting as they play in the water. You breathe in deeply and smell the air, then run and jump into the sea. A big wave hits you as you come up for air, and the cool, salty water goes into your mouth. Your senses tell you everything that you know about this beautiful world. But how many senses have you got, and how do you use them?
2. Sight (Thị lực)
Look at your eyes in a mirror. The circle in the centre of each eye is your pupil, and the ring of colour around it is your iris. Surprisingly, the shapes and colours in your iris are different to everyone in the world! Light comes into the eye through the cornea and then passes through the pupil. On a sunny day, your pupils are very small, but at night, your irises let your pupils open and they become much bigger. This lets more light into your eyes, so you can see in the dark.
3. Behind the pupil, a lens focuses the light onto the retina, at the back of your eye. The lens can change shape very quickly. Muscles make it thicker to see things close to you, or thinner to focus on things that are far away. On your retina, special cells called rods sense light, dark, and moving things. Other cells called cones sense colours. Together, about 140 million of these cells turn light into nerve signals and send them to your brain.
4. Most of the rods and cones in your eyes are in the centre of your retina. This part of the retina is only about 0.6 centimetres across, so you can only see clearly when you look straight at something. You never notice this because your eyes are moving all the time. Muscles move them up and down, left and right very fast – focussing about four times a second. This lets your brain make a clear picture of everything around you.
5. Your eyes work very hard, so your body needs to look after them. Eyelids stop things from getting into the eyes. Your eyes also make a fluid called tears – and you don’t just do this when you cry. About once every ten seconds, you blink – your eyes open and close very quickly – and tears wash them. Your eyes tell you more about the world than any other sense, and they are truly amazing! They can sense 10 million different colours and change their shape in a fifth of a second. And on a very dark night, they can see the light of a burning match 48 kilometres away!
Qua bài đọc vừa rồi, mọi người có nhận ra những cấu trúc giải phẫu quen thuộc của mắt (parts of the eye) chúng ta không ạ, nếu có mọi người hãy comment liệt kê các từ vựng này để chúng ta nhớ bài hơn nhé!
Dịch: Thành Minh Khánh
Để lại một phản hồi Hủy