The World Health Organization is urging health officials to ban commonly available blood tests for tuberculosis. WHO officials made the call after two studies found that results from a commonly used test are undependable and misleading. The blood tests are low cost and produce fast results. They are widely used in developing countries, especially India.
The Indian government says the country has more than two million new cases of TB a year. But researchers say the tests being sold are dangerously inaccurate. They say the results are wrong in fifty percent of patients.
David Dowdy studies infectious diseases at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore, Maryland. He led one of the studies. “These tests are actively doing people harm by causing them either to take medicines that they don’t need or delaying the diagnosis that they actually do need, to get better.”Traditional tests for TB examine the sputum, a material found in a person’s lungs. Active TB is identified if certain bacterium grows in the test material. However, these tests take longer to carry out. Dr. Dowdy says the blood tests are widely used because of the speed of results. “What these tests do is they measure antibodies in the blood against TB so anytime anyone has been infected with TB at any time in their life, they will develop antibodies. The problem is that one person’s antibodies are not going to be the same as another person’s antibodies. And we don’t have a test yet that can detect these antibodies across the board.”The leader of the other study was Madhukar Pai, an epidemiologist at McGill University in Montreal, Canada. He says the tests are usually used by private medical centers — not government TB control programs. “So these tests are uniformly not used in the developed world.
They are mostly used in countries with weak regulation, and lack of regulation allows these sorts of tests to be on the market and used freely.”Experts say the blood tests are a big business in developing countries, worth millions of dollars a year. The World Health Organization says a million of the tests are done every year. But the tests are not approved by any recognized group. Dr. Pai says the WHO is pushing scientists to continue research for a quick test for TB. For VOA Special English, I’m Alex Villarreal.
Words in This Story
urge – v. to encourage someone strongly to do something or to ask that something be done
official – n. a person who has a position of responsibility in an organization
ban – v. to forbid (= refuse to allow) something, especially officially
tuberculosis – n. a serious infectious disease that can attack many parts of a person’s body, especially their lungs
misleading – adj. causing someone to believe something that is not true
inaccurate – adj. not completely correct or exact, or not able to do something correctly or exactly
sputum – n. liquid from the passages in your body that go to the lungs
epidemiologist – n. someone who studies diseases and how they are found, spread, and controlled in groups of people
uniformly – adv. in a way that is the same everywhere or for everyone
regulation – n. an official rule or the act of controlling something
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